
Topographic History of the Maui Nui Complex, Hawai'i, and Its Implications for Biogeography1
Map of changing topography of Haleakalā summit. Contour interval 200 m. A, Current topography; B, reconstructed alkalic cap (0.4 Ma); C, estimated original tholeiitic shield (1.2 Ma). These models represent elevation relative to present and do not account for tectonic subsidence. Changes in bathymetry/topography outside the extent of the alkalic cap are not considered.